What is the U shaped curve

(a) on the basis of afc and avc:To begin with, the average costs are high at low levels of output because both the average fixed costs and average variable costs are more.Adjustment is felt to be easy and successful to begin with;Increasing returns to scale (irs), constant returns to scale (crs), and diminishing returns to scale (drs).For lower levels of output, the spreading effect dominates the diminishing returns effect, and for higher levels of.

This is one of the.Stone, schwartz, broderick, & deaton, 2010).During the first weeks of one's time abroad, he/she may feel totally fascinated and exhilarated by his/her surroundings.Greek scholars of ancient times used geometry to describe all sorts of special curve.A graph of the outcomes would look something like the image on the right.

Because many analytic methods assume an underlying linear relationship, systematic deviation from linearity can lead to bias in estimation.